A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect (汕頭方言音義字典) / liam

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拈

• To take up in the fingers.

• liam khau;

  to draw lots.

• liam hieⁿ;

  to set incense sticks.

斂

• To enshroud; in medicine, to neutralize, to repress.

• jûah thiⁿ-sî kâi si méⁿ-méⁿ siu lîam bûa;

  in hot weather a corpse must be quickly enshrouded.

• tieⁿ líam;

  to prepare a corpse for the coffin.

• jîp líam;

  to enshroud.

• bī sng kâi, i kâi sèⁿ cū líam;

  it is in the nature of what is acid to repress heat.

• īa m̄ hó̤ cîah khah líam;

  neither should one take too mach of what represses heat.

襝

• To withdraw. The hands into the sleeve.

• líam jîm pài;

  I sleeve my hands, and pay my respects; (a phrase on a lady’s card. The hands are put one above the other).

捻

• To pinch; to pinch up or off

• ĕ tng m̄ hó̤ lìam i;

  do not pinch him again.

• i lìam kàu i o-cheⁿ tah-tàng;

  he pinched him till he was black and blue in spots.

• i khṳ̀ lìam i kâi kih-kau sĭ thīn i sn̂g;

  when she pinched his cheek it was merely in sport.

• lìam kò̤ chòi lâi cò;

  pinch off a piece of dough to make it with.

• lìam m̄ khí;

  cannot pinch it up.

• lìam lío kâi cńg-thâu-ūi sûi-sî cū sio;

  the marks made by pinching with the fingers immediately disappeared.

瓣

• The sections of an orange; the scales of an onion.

• cí kâi kaⁿ lṳ́ thóiⁿ jîeh cōi lìam;

  see how many carpels this orange has.

• īu sĭ peh cêk lìam cêk lìam tó̤ bōi;

  shaddocks are divided into carpels and thus sold.

• sǹg-thâu cêk lìam cêk lìam peh tīo mô̤h;

  pick the film off the garlic, scale by scale.

鐮

• A reaping hook; a bill hook.

• lîam-to̤;

  a sickle or bill hook.

• khîa lîam-to̤ lâi kuah cháu;

  take a reaping hook and cut the grass.

• kau-lîam;

  a pruning hook.

• kau-lîam-chieⁿ hó̤ phùa lîen-lŵn-kah-bé;

  a hooked spear is useful in breaking the ranks of armored horses chained together.

黏

• Viscid, sticky, glutinous, adhesive.

• nĕ lîam-lîam;

  very adhesive.

• mâk lío chíu lîam-lîam;

  got his hands all stuck up with it.

• chíu jṳ́ kàu lîam-nî-tha-thi;

  daubed his hands with it till they were all stuck up as if with bird lime.

• thóiⁿ tieh bô̤ ka-lîam;

  it appears to have no adhesive quality.

• i kâi ūe tàⁿ lâi bô̤ ka bô̤ lîam;

  what he says has no coherence.

• bô̤ íaⁿ bô̤ ciah kûi sṳ̄ khṳt i tàⁿ kàu ka-ka lîam-lîam;

  things for which there is not a particle of evidence, are made to appear as facts by his well connected statements.

• ciah lô̤h khṳ̂ bô̤ lîam bô̤ sìam;

  it leaves no taste in the mouth after it is eaten.

• tàⁿ kàu lîam-nî-tha-thi;

  stated very coherently.

• i nŏ̤ nâng siang-hó̤ kàu lîam-uî-tha-thi;

  the two are inseparable friends.

• tîeh ēng sie cúi lâi sói cìaⁿ bboi lîam;

  must wash it with warm water, and then it will not be sticky.

簾

• A screen, of cloth, matting splints; curtains.

• mn̂g lîam;

  a splint door-screen.

• pò lîam;

  a curtain.

• tek lîam;

  a bamboo screen.

• lîam kauh khí;

  the screen is rolled up.

• lîam pàng lô̤h lâi;

  the screen is let down.

• pàng lîam;

  let down the screen.

• kùa liam;

  a hanging screen.

• tìo lìam;

  hang up a screen.

• lîam lăi;

  behind the screen; secluded; retired.

• pak tīo lîam;

  remove the screen.

• cí pak lîam cò̤ jîeh cōi cîⁿ?

  How much did the making of this screen cost?

• hien lîam, jîp lâi;

  turn aside the screen and enter.

• kīe lîam;

  the curtains of a sedan chair.

• lāi lîam kuaⁿ;

  deputies appointed by the chancellor to read the essays at an examination.

• tìo lîam ãu hûe jīm;

  after the examination they return to their posts.

• câh-lîam;

  a partitioning screen.

• ûi-lîam;

  an enclosing screen.

廉

• Moderate; economical, frugal; disinterested ; pure.

• lîam-chí;

  decency, modesty.

• ŭ-lîam-chí kâi nâng;

  a modest person.

• hṳ́ kâi nâng bô̤ lîam-chí;

  that person is brazen.

• bô̤ lîam bô̤ chí;

  indecent.

• i to m̄ pat lîam-chí;

  he has no sense of decency.

• i ío kù lîam-chí;

  he is regardful of decency.

• íang lîam ngṳ̂n;

  an anti-extortion allowance, a legal addition to the salary of officials.

• cí kâi khueh toaⁿ-toaⁿ khàu-cŭ íang-lîam tīaⁿ-tīaⁿ;

  in this post one depends solely upon the anti-extortion allowance.

• kuaⁿ-liú lîam-mêng;

  magistrates that are incorruptible.

• cí kâi kuaⁿ cheng-lîam căi;

  this magistrate judges equitably.

• kè-lîam, kang sé;

  costs lessened, and work saved.

• lîam-lîam nē;

  very economical.

• kè-cîⁿ thó̤ khṳ̀ lîam căi;

  the price that he asks is very moderate.

• i ŏi lîam-khĭam khak-khó;

  he is frugal and persevering.

髭

• Beard on the upper lip.

• i kâi chiu m̄ kùe lîam;

  his beard does not cross his upper lip.

• lṳ́ kâi chiu lâu khí lâi, ŏi kùe lîam;

  if you let your beard grow, you will have a moustache.

• chiu cē m̄ kùe lîam thóiⁿ tîeh ía īeⁿ;

  if the moustache does not extend across the lip it makes one look ferocious.

臁

• The shin.

• kha-lîam-kut;

  the shin bone.

• i seⁿ kha-lîam chṳ;

  he has sore shins.

• kûeh tîeh kha-lîam;

  abraded the shin.

• pang-kha-lîam;

  a sloughing of the shin.

奩

• A lady’s dressing case.

• cng-lîam;

  a bride’s trousseau.

𩼖

• lîam hṳ̂;

  a species of mud-fish, of a dull green color and with stout jagged spines.

• lîam hṳ̂, thâu tōa-tōa bih-bih;

  the head of the mud-fish is large and flat.

念

• To reflect on, to ponder over, to remember and consider, to regard.

• kìⁿ-lĭam tîeh lṳ́;

  holds you in kind remembrance.

• lĭam-lĭam, put bûang;

  keep in mind, and not forget.

• jît mêⁿ sṳ-lĭam tîeh i;

  think of her day and night.

• lĭam tîeh i kâi ṳn;

  recall her kindness to me.

• sái i cô̤h-t˘ng lĭam-thâu;

  send him to check the first thought of it.

• lĭam-kîp ke-hieⁿ;

  think fondly of one’s native place.

• úa khùa lĭam tîeh i;

  I am anxiously thinking of him.

• mih sṳ̄ to sìo-lĭam tîeh i;

  everything calls her to mind.

• i ŭ sìo-lĭam tîeh mē?

  Does he recollect us?

斂

• To enshroud.

• tieⁿ lĭam;

  winding-sheet.

• siu lĭam;

  to wrap in a winding-sheet.

念

• To recite from memory; to learn by heart; to chant or drone.

• līam cṳ;

  repeat passages from books.

• lṳ́ līam úa thiaⁿ;

  you recite it to me.

• līam keng;

  chant Buddhist chants.

• līam hût;

  repeat the name of Buddh.

• līam sì kù;

  recite verses.

• līam kua, līam khek;

  to drone out songs and ballads.

• līam sêk-sêk;

  memorize it perfectly.

• thâk kàu pat līam;

  read it till you know it well enough to repeat it from memory.

• úa cêk sî līam m̄ chut;

  I cannot just at this moment repeat it.

稜

• An angle, a corner.

• saⁿ līam pô̤;

  a weapon with a triangular blade; a three-cornered iron club.

• àiⁿ cò̤ kúi līam kâi?

  How many angles will you have made in it?

梁

• The tall millet, a species of sorghum.

• kau-lîang cíu;

  strong spirits made from sorghum.

• kau-lîang kó̤;

  sorghum stalks.

量

• To estimate; to measure; to judge; a measure, a limit ; capacity, calibre.

• bô̤ hăng-lĭang;

  boundless, illimitable, measureless.

• mih sṳ̄ to tîeh ŭ kâi hăng-lĭang;

  all things must be kept within fixed limits.

• cíu lĭang;

  capacity to drink wine without going beyond the limits where intoxication supervenes.

• i chŵn m̄ cṳ̆-lĭang;

  he has no self-esteem.

• cṳ̆-lĭang căi;

  has great self-esteem.

• m̄ cṳ̆ m̄ lĭang;

  no conceit of self.

• lĭang-tō;

  capacity.

• m̄ pí cn̂g kâi bô̤ lĭang-tō;

  not like one who is wholly destitute of capacity.

• nâng tîeh ŭ lĭang;

  one must keep himself within bounds.

• ŭ hía lĭang cía ŭ hía hok;

  one’s bliss is according to one’s capacity.

• lĭang tōa, hok tōa;

  where there are great powers, there is great enjoyment.

• hái-lĭang;

  immense capacity.

• tó-lĭang khuah;

  broad-minded, liberal.

• bô lĭang;

  illiberal.

• lṳ́ lĭang-tâk-thóiⁿ jû hô̤?

  What do you make it, in your estimate of it?

• ciak-lĭang;

  to deliberate upon.

• iak-lĭang;

  thereabouts.

• iak-lĭang sĭ cìeⁿ-seⁿ;

  that is about it.

諒

• To accredit; to believe; to suppose ; to know certainly ; to aid.

• hŭam sṳ̄ tîeh thí-lĭang nâng;

  in all things one must be considerate of others.

• lĭang-pit sĭ cìeⁿ-seⁿ;

  I am pretty certain that is the case.

• lĭang i m̄ káⁿ;

  do not think he will dare.

• lĭang i cò̤ tit lâi, cìaⁿ hó̤ khṳt i cò̤;

  supposing that he can do it then let him.

亮

• Clear, brilliant, transparent, illumined.

• lĭang se;

  lustrous gauze.

• i kâi sek to m̄ lĭang;

  its color is not clear.

• i kâi mīn-sek lĭang căi;

  her complexion is very clear.

• siaⁿ-im tàⁿ lâi híang-lĭang;

  his voice is very sonorous.

• nĕ lĭang-lĭang;

  resonant.

• thang-thang lĭang-lĭang;

  luminous.

挺

• Straight; stiff and straight.

• ut kàu līang-līang-tît;

  bend it till you get it perfectly straight.

• pûah lô̤h khṳ̀ līang-līang-tît;

  fell down flat.

• cò̤ kàu sì-piⁿ līang-līang-tît;

  make the four sides perfectly straight and without the least cant either way.