目錄
Lesson VII. Exercises.
section I.
- 【世間】(Sì-kan) The world.
- 【天下】(Thiⁿ-ẽ) The world.
- 【天】(Thiⁿ) Heaven.
- 【地】(Tī) Earth.
- 【山】(Suaⁿ) A hill, a mountain.
- 【海】(Hái) Sea.
- 【大海】(Tūa-hái) Ocean.
- 【水】(Tsúi) Water.
- 【海墘】(Hái-kîⁿ) Sea-coast, sea-side.
- 【塗】(Thôu) Earth, ground.
- 【樹】(Chhiū) Trees.
- 【葉】(Hiéh) Leaves.
- 【大石】(Tūa-chiéh) Rocks.
- 【石】(Chiéh) Stones.
- 【石部】(Chiéh-põu) Stones.
- 【沙】(Sua) Sand.
- 【儂】(Nâng) Mankind.
- 【丈夫】(Ta-pou) Male.(only used of man.)
- 【諸娘】(Tsṳ-niêⁿ) Female.(only used of man.)
- 【世間的儂是惡】(Sì-kan kâi nâng sĩ ak) The people in the world are wicked.
- 【天下是闊】(Thiⁿ-ẽ sĩ khuah) The world is broad.
- 【上帝在天。儂在地】(Siãng-tì tõ thiⁿ, nâng tõ tĩ.) God is in heaven, and men are on earth.
- 【天在上。地在下】(Thiⁿ tõ chīeⁿ, tī tò ẽ) Heaven is above, and earth is below.
- 【山是危。海是深】(Suaⁿ sĩ kûiⁿ, hái sĩ chhim) Mountains are high, and seas are deep.
- 【大海的水藍】(Tūa-hái kâi tsúi nâm) The waters of the oceans are blue.
- 【海墘有儂行】(Hái-kîⁿ ũ nâng kiáⁿ) There are people walking on the sea-side.
- 【塗袂肥】(Thôu bōi-pûi) The soil is not fertile.
- 【樹袂發】(Chhiū bõi-huat) The trees do not grow.
- 【葉在脫。樹欲死】(Hiéh tõ lut, chhiū àiⁿ-sí) The leaves are falling, and the trees are withering.
- 【在海墘有大石】(Tõ hái-kîⁿ ũ tūa-chiéh) There are rocks on the sea-side;
- 【有石部。有沙】(Ũ chiéh-põu, ũ sua) There are stones, and there is sand.
- 【儂在世毋久】(Nâng tõ sì m̃-kú) Man is not long in the world.
- 【丈夫愈壯過諸娘】(Ta-pou zú-tsàng kùe tsṳ-niêⁿ) Man is stronger than woman.
- 【有的諸娘愈賢過丈夫】(Ũ-kâi tsṳ-niêⁿ zú-gâu kùe ta-pou) Some women are cleverer than men.
- 【在祖家有加加諸娘。賢過丈夫】(Tõ Tsóu-ke ũ ke-ke tsṳ-niêⁿ, gâu kùe ta-pou) There are many ladies in England cleverer than men.
- 【唐儂的諸娘少少識字】(Tn̂g-nâng kâi tsṳ-niêⁿ chié-chié pat-jī) Very few Chinese ladies can read.
- 【阮的諸娘攏總識字】(Ún–kâi tsṳ-niêⁿ lóng-tsóng pat-jī) Our ladies can all read.
section II.
- 【日】(Jít) Sun.
- 【月】(Guéh) Moon.
- 【星】(Chheⁿ) Stars.
- 【風】(Huang) Wind.
- 【雨】(Hõu) Rain.
- 【雲】(Hûn) Clouds.
- 【虹】(Khẽng) Rainbow.
- 【雷】(Lûi) Thunder, lightning.
- 【雷公】(Lûi-kong) Thunder, lightning.
- 【風颱】(Huang-thai) Typhoon.
- 【湧】(Éng) Waves.
- 【流水】(Lâu-tsúi) Tide.
- 【流漲】(Lâu tĩⁿ) Flood-tide.
- 【流涸】(Lâu khó) Ebb-tide.
- 【日出亞未】(Jít tshut a-būe?) Has the sun risen?
- 【未】(Būe) Not yet.
- 【月無日彼樣光】(Guéh bô jít hièⁿ-kng) The moon is not so bright as the sun.
- 【月在浮】(Guéh tõ phû) The moon is rising.
- 【款款危】(Khuaⁿ-khuaⁿ kûiⁿ) It is getting higher and higher by degrees.
- 【星灼灼晃】(Chheⁿ iáp-iáp-sih) The stars are twinkling.
- 【風大】(Huang tūa) The wind is blowing hard.
- 【彼欉大樹乞風吹倒去】(Hṳ́-tsâng tū-a-chhiū khoih huang tshue tó–khṳ̀) That large tree has been blown down by the wind.
- 【雨欲來】(Hõu àiⁿ-lâi) The rain is coming.
- 【雷公响】(Lûi-kong tán) The thunder roars.
- 【雷公攝目。了正响】(Lûi-kong nih-mák, lióu chiàⁿ-tân) The lightning flashes first, then the thunder roars.
- 【雨定着是大】(Hõu tiāⁿ-tiéh sĩ tūa) The rain is sure to be a heavy one.
- 【唐儂講究雷公毋對】(Tn̂g-nâng káng-kiù lûi-kong m̃-tùi) What the Chinese discuss about the lightning is not correct.
- 【唐儂此個事毋曉】(Tn̂g-nâng chí-kâi sū m̃-hióu) The Chinese do not understand about this matter.
- 【英國儂就曉】(Eng-kok-nâng chiũ-hióu) The English understand.
- 【虹有加加色】(Khẽng ũ ke-ke sek) The rainbow has many colours.
- 【有紅有白有藍有靑有黄】(Ũ âng, ũ péh, ũ nâm, ũ chheⁿ, ũ n̂g) It has red, white, blue, green and yellow.
- 【還了有】(Huân-lióu ũ) It has some more.
- 【是雅在】(Sĩ ngiá-tsãi) It is very beautiful.
- 【咱所有的色是從虹塊來】(Nán só-ũ kâi sek sĩ tshông khẽng–kò lâi) The colours which we have, come from the rainbow.
- 【流漲亞是涸】(Lâu tĩⁿ a-sĩ khó?) Is it high tide or ebb tide?
- 【流涸】(Lâu khó) It is ebb tide.
- 【海有湧嗎】(Hái ũ éng mē?) Are there any waves in the sea?
- 【有。湧袂大】(Ũ, éng bõi-tūa) Yes, the waves are not big.
- 【風颱時荒險】(Huang-thai sĩ hong-hiám) The typhoon is dangerous.
section III.
- 【冰霜】(Piaⁿ-sng) Ice.
- 【雪】(Soh) Snow.
- 【濛煙】(Mông-in) Mist.
- 【露水】(Lōu-tsúi) Dew.
- 【雹】(Phák) Hail.
- 【菰】(Kou) Mould.
- 【天時】(Thiⁿ-sî) Weather.
- 【四季】(Sì-khùi) The four seasons.
- 【春】(Tshun) Spring.
- 【夏】(Hē) Summer.
- 【秋】(Chhiu) Autumn.
- 【冬】(Tang) Winter.
- 【冰霜是寒在】(Piaⁿ-sng sĩ ngân-tsãi) Ice is very cold?
- 【雪敢是愈寒】(Soh kàⁿ-sĩ zú-ngân) Snow is perhaps colder.
- 【咱此塊罕得有雪】(Nán–chié hán–tit ũ soh) We seldom have snow at our place here.
- 【日一出濛烟就散】(Jít chék-ē tshut mông-in chiũ-sùaⁿ) When the sun rises the mist disperses.
- 【樹無露水袂活】(Chhiū bô lōu-tsúi bõi-uáh) The trees will not grow without dew.
- 【酷久咱此塊毋識有落雹】(Hoh-kú nán–chié m̃-pat ũ lóh-phák) For a long time we have not had hail here.
- 【冬天磽囝儂是悽慘】(Tang–thiⁿ khiou-kiáⁿ nâng sĩ chhi-tshám) In Winter the poor are miserable.
- 【富的儂哩穿燒】(Pù–kâi-nâng li chhēng-sie) But the rich are warmly clad.
- 【冬天凊在】(Tang–thiⁿ chhin-tsãi) In Winter it is very cold.
- 【夏天就熱】(Hē–thiⁿ chiũ-zuáh) But in Summer it is hot.
- 【一年有四季】(Chék-nîⁿ ũ sì-khùi) There are four seasons in a year.
- 【在祖家夏天無此塊彼樣熱】(Tõ Tsóu-ke Hē–thiⁿ bô chié hièⁿ-zuáh) In England the Summer is not so hot as here.
- 【冬天愈凊此塊】(Tang–thiⁿ zú-chhìn chié) In Winter it is colder than here.
- 【在祖家一年春天是上好】(Tõ tsóu-ke chék-nîⁿ Tshun–thiⁿ sĩ siãng-hó) In England Spring is the best of the year.
- 【春天到來草攏總發】(Tshun–thiⁿ kàu–lâi, tsháu lóng-tsóng huat) When Spring comes, all the grass grow.
section IV.
- 【瞑起】(Mêng-khí) Morning.
- 【中午】(Jít-tàu) Noon.
- 【夜昏】(Mêⁿ-hng) Evening.
- 【上午】(Chiēⁿ-kùa) Forenoon.
- 【下旰】(Ẽ-kùa) Afternoon.
- 【夜昏囝】(Mêⁿ-hng-kiáⁿ) To-night (early.)
- 【今夜】(Ke-mêⁿ) To-night (rather late.)
- 【日】(Jít) Sun or day.
- 【月】(Guéh) Moon or month.
- 【日間】(Jít–kùa) In the day.
- 【夜間】(Mêⁿ–kùa) In the night.
- 【日晏】(Jít uàⁿ) Late in the day.
- 【日暗】(Jít àm) Late in the night.
- 【半夜】(Puàⁿ-mêⁿ) Midnight
- 【三更半夜】(Saⁿ-keⁿ puàⁿ-mêⁿ) Third watch or midnight, (meaning a very late hour at night.)
- 【瞑起有儂來亞無】(Mêng-khí ũ nâng lâi a-bô?) Did any body come this morning?
- 【汝知亞毋知】(Lṳ́ tsai a m̃-tsai?) Do you know or not?
- 【我毋知】(Uá m̃-tsai.) I don’t know.
- 【中午我毋在此塊食】(Jít-tàu uá m̃-tõ chié chiáh.) I am not going to take dinner here at noon.
- 【我中午欲去乞儂請】(Uá jít-tàu àiⁿ-khṳ̀ khoih-nâng-chhiáⁿ) I am invited out for noon.
- 【汝底當時正欲轉來】(Lṳ́ tiang-sî chiàⁿ-àiⁿ tńg–lâi?) When will you come back?
- 【夜昏正轉來】(Mêⁿ-hng chiàⁿ-tńg–lâi) I shall not be back until to-night.
- 【亞者下旰亦毋知】(Pa-lak ẽ-kùa iā m̃-tsai) Perhaps in the afternoon, but I don’t know.
- 【今夜伊毋在】(Ke-mêⁿ i m̃-tõ) He shall not be at home to-night.
- 【夜昏囝伊欲來我塊】(Mêⁿ-hng-kiaⁿ iàiⁿ-lâi úa–kò) He is coming to my place to-night.
- 【我請伊】(Uá chhiáⁿ i) I have invited him.
- 【伊作有幾㩼日工】(I tsoh ũ jiéh-tsōi jít kang?) How many days’ work has he done?
- 【伊作有一個月】(I tsoh ũ chék-kâi guéh) He has worked one month.
- 【伊日間作。夜間亦作】(I jít–kùa tsoh, mêⁿ–kùa iā tsoh) He worked in the day, and he also worked in the night.
- 【伊的工是重在】(I kái khang-khùe sĩ tàng-tsãi) His work is very heavy.
- 【日未暗】(Jít būe-àm) It is not yet dark.
- 【汝夗到日彼樣晏正走起】(Lṳ́ út-kàu jít hièⁿ-uáⁿ chiàⁿ-tsáu-khí) You have slept far into the day, before you got up.
- 【下日汝不可夗到彼樣晏】(Ê-jít lṳ́ m̃-móⁿ út-kàu-hièⁿ uàⁿ) For the future, you must not sleep so late into the day.
- 【日暗着去夗】(Jít àm tiéh khṳ̀-út) When it is late at night, you must go to bed.
- 【勿到半夜正去夗】(Màiⁿ-kàu puàⁿ-méⁿ chiàⁿ-khṳ̀-út) Don’t let it be midnight before you go to bed.
- 【三更半夜勿去口】(Saⁿ-keⁿ puàⁿ-mêⁿ màiⁿ-khṳ̀-kháu) Don’t go out at such a late hour at night.
section V.
- 【早】(Tsá) Early.
- 【早早】(Tsá-tsá) Very early.
- 【天光】(Thiⁿ-kng) Day-break, dawn.
- 【今旦日】(Kiáⁿ-jít) To-day.
- 【明起】(Màⁿ-khí) To-morrow.
- 【後日】(Aũ–jít) Day after to-morrow.
- 【大後日】(Tūa–aũ-jít) A day later than above.
- 【昨日】(Tsa-jít) Yesterday.
- 【昨夜】(Tsa-mêⁿ) Last night.
- 【日日】(Jít-jít) Every day.
- 【排日】(Pâi-jít) Every day.
- 【明年】(Mêⁿ-nîⁿ) Next year.
- 【年年】(Nî-niⁿ) Yearly.
- 【排年】(Pâi-niⁿ) Yearly.
- 【終久】(Tsong-kú) Always.
- 【次次】(Tsūa-tsūa) Every occasion.
- 【下下】(Ē-ē) Every occasion.
- 【明瞑起早汝着早早走起】(Màⁿ-mêng-khí lṳ́ tiéh tsá-tsá tsáu-khí) To-morrow morning, you must get up very early.
- 【汝不可夗到日晏正走起】(Lṳ́ m̃-móⁿ út-kàu jít uàⁿ chiàⁿ-tsáu-khí) You must not sleep until late in the day before you get up.
- 【着早些】(Tiéh tsá–chē) You must be early.
- 【今。汝着憶得】(Taⁿ, lṳ́ tiéh it-tit) Now, you must remember.
- 【不可毋憶得】(M̃-móⁿ m̃-it-tit) Don’t forget.
- 【好。我天光就欲走起】(Hó. Uá thiⁿ-kng chiũ àiⁿ tsáu-khí) Very well. As soon as day-break I will get up.
- 【今旦日我毋閒】(Kiáⁿ-jít uá m̃ oíⁿ) I am busy to-day.
- 【明起正來】(Màⁿ-khí chiàⁿ-lâi) Come to-morrow.
- 【明起任底時】(Màⁿ-khí zuãn tiang-si) Any time to-morrow.
- 【好了。汝好去】(Hó–lō, lṳ́ hó-khṳ̀) That will do, you may go.
- 【我今旦日終日在內】(Uá kiáⁿ-jít thàng-jít tõ lāi) I am at home all to-day.
- 【明起我毋在】(Màⁿ-khí uá m̃-tõ) I shall not be at home tomorrow.
- 【汝免用來】(Lṳ́ mín-ēng lâi) You need not come.
- 【後日我就轉來】(Aũ–jít uá chiũ tńg–lâi) I shall be back the day after to-morrow.
- 【我次次來到覓汝毋在】(Uá tsūa-tsūa lâi-kàu tshūe lṳ́ m̃-tõ) On every occasion of my coming, I could not find you.
- 【我昨日來。昨夜亦來】(Uá tsa-jít lâi, tsa-mêⁿ iā lâi) I came yesterday, and last night as well.
- 【伊終久是此樣生】(I tsong-kú sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ) He is always like this.
- 【伊是惰。做事隨便做】(I sĩ tuãⁿ, tsò-sṳ̄ chhìn-tshái tsò) He is idle, and does things carelessly.
- 【汝下日不可此樣生】(Lṳ́ ẽ-jít m̃-móⁿ chièⁿ-seⁿ) You must not be like this for the future.
- 【汝着此樣生物】(Lṳ́ tiéh chièⁿ-seⁿ muéh) You must do it like this.
- 【着記得日日着此樣生】(Tiéh kì-tit, jít-jít tiéh chièⁿ-seⁿ) You must remember, and every day do like this.
- 【我年年着轉去】(Uá nîⁿ-nîⁿ tiéh-tńg–khṳ̀) I must go home every year.
- 【我明年欲轉去】(Uá mêⁿ-nîⁿ àiⁿ-tńg–khṳ̀) I shall go home next year.
- 【一年若是無轉去就毋做得】(Chék-nîⁿ nāⁿ-sĩ bô-tńg–khṳ̀ chiũ m̃-tsò-tit) It will not do, unless I go home once a year.